August 1999
NI222 : NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET

QUESTION 3

Total Marks: 20 Marks

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(a) A 'web-page' is reproduced below. Write down the HTML that would be needed in order to generate it in a browser. You should use the standard HTML covered in the course, and not browser-specific features.

If the use clicks on the underlined 'Informatics' they should be taken to the main web page at the host www.informatics.com.sg. Clicking on the underlined 'course leader' should give the user the opportunity to send email to leader@mymail.com.

Informatics : NI222
Introducing NI222

NI222 is one module in the Informatics Advanced Diploma in Computer Studies. It covers all the main topics you need to understand in order to know how the Internet works.

The examination is very straightforward if you have carefully studied the course material.

One way to find out more is to contact the course leader; alternatively, call in to your local Informatics Computer School.

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[12]
<html>
<head><title>Informatics: NI222 </title></head>
<body>
<h1>Introducing NI222 </h1>

<p>NI222 is one module in the <a href="http://www.informatics.com.sg">Informatics</a> <strong> Advanced Diploma in Computer Studies.</strong> It covers all the main topics you need to understand in order to know how the Internet works.</p>

<p>The examination is very straightforward <em> if you have carefully studied the course material. </em></p>

<p>One way to find out more is to contact the <a href="mailto: leader@mymail.com">course leader</a>; alternatively, call in to your local Informatics Computer School. </p>

</body>
</html>

 
(b) Sometimes a hyperlink is used to jump to a particular point or section within a page. Explain how this is achieved in HTML. [4]
The section which will be the target of the link is given an anchor like a hyperlink, but with no href: <a name="target"> . To link this point from within the document, an anchor like <a href="#target"> is used; from another page, the link would look like <a href="this page.html#target">.

 
(c) What is the purpose of web caching? Which kinds of pages should not be cached? [4]
Caching means storing web pages which have already been retrieved, either at the browser, or on an organisation-wide cache. This saves time, congestion, and possibly connection charges when the page is requested again.

Pages which are formed as a result of use input do not work well with caches, because at the next visit they will probably be different. Pages which are frequently updated, such as the CNN homepage are not suitable for caching, either, because we want to get the most up-to-date version.